Question

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Cultural “Backpacks”
To a great extent culture is about social codes. Many of these codes are hidden, even to ourselves. Throughout childhood and adolescence we adopt more and more of these codes from our environment, our parents, siblings, teachers, peers and role models. We store all this information in invisible “backpacks” that we carry with us all our lives. This information expresses our culture’s values and beliefs.
1. What does our way of greeting people for the first time reveal about our culture?
2. How do you show respect when you greet someone?
3. What do you consider as a disrespectful greeting?

Shaking Hands
A Norwegian school class was asked to compile a list of 10 important factors that could contribute to good communication. Shaking hands was ranked as the number one act in establishing a friendly atmosphere at a formal meeting.
This reveals a lot about the values intertwined in Norwegian teenagers’ greeting etiquette. These values are invisible, even to ourselves, and revolve around respect, perception of genders, intimacy and degrees of formality. In Norway shaking hands is a sign of respect in formal meetings, whereas shaking hands in other cultures might be seen as disrespectful in formal settings.
1. What does the shaking of hands in formal settings reveal about Norwegian culture?
2. Where do you think it is seen as disrespectful to shake hands among people you do not know? What does that reveal about the culture involved?

The First Impression
Numerous psychological tests and experiments have confirmed that a stranger will form an opinion of you within a maximum of 60 seconds at your first encounter. As the saying goes: “You will never get a second chance to make a great first impression.”
1. Do you agree, is the first impression the most important?
2. Is it possible do you think to change an unfavourable first opinion to a more favourable one?

Formal or Informal? Guest or Host?
Without doubt, the way we greet people we do not know, can open the doors to friendship and mutual understanding or bar us from further contact. However, the context matters a lot. What is considered formal and what is considered informal depends on cultural aspects. Furthermore, what is your role? Are you a guest or a host? As a guest; should you adopt the greeting rituals in your host’s culture and stick to the saying: “When in Rome, do like the Romans”? The part of the host is not any easier; should you stick to your own ways, or should you consider making adaptations to avoid offending your guest?
1. Do you agree with the saying: “When in Rome, do like the Romans”?
2. Why does context matter in intercultural meetings?

Intercultural Competence
Intercultural competence is your ability to communicate in a successful way with people with another cultural background than yourself. So, at a first meeting, you have 60 seconds to make up your mind; whether to kiss on the cheeks, shake hands or make a solemn bow and thus demonstrate if you are interculturally competent or not. Luckily, if you are going to travel, you most probably have time to prepare.
1. What is intercultural competence?
2. What are the main components of intercultural competence?

Answer 1

Ответ:

For the first text:

1. What does our way of greeting people for the first time reveal about our culture?

• The text does not provide a direct answer to this question.

2. How do you show respect when you greet someone?

• The text does not provide a direct answer to this question.

3. What do you consider as a disrespectful greeting?

• The text does not provide a direct answer to this question.

For the second text:

1. What does the shaking of hands in formal settings reveal about Norwegian culture?

• The shaking of hands in formal settings in Norway is a sign of respect, which reflects the values of Norwegian culture.

2. Where do you think it is seen as disrespectful to shake hands among people you do not know? What does that reveal about the culture involved?

• The text does not provide a specific answer to this question.

For the third text:

1. Do you agree, is the first impression the most important?

• The text presents the view that a stranger will form an opinion of you within a maximum of 60 seconds at your first encounter, implying that the first impression is important. However, whether or not the first impression is the most important is a matter of personal opinion.

Is it possible do you think to change an unfavorable first opinion to a more favorable one?

The text does not provide a direct answer to this question.

2. Is it possible do you think to change an unfavorable first opinion to a more favorable one?

• The text does not provide a direct answer to this question.

For the fourth text:

1. What is intercultural competence?

• Intercultural competence is the ability to communicate in a successful way with people from another cultural background.

2. What are the main components of intercultural competence?

• The text does not provide a specific answer to this question, but suggests that intercultural competence involves being able to demonstrate appropriate greetings and behaviors when interacting with people from different cultures, as well as the ability to prepare for intercultural encounters.

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Answer 2

1. What does our way of greeting people for the first time reveal about our culture?

• Our way of greeting people for the first time reveals social codes and cultural values and beliefs.

2. How do you show respect when you greet someone?

• Different cultures have different ways of showing respect when greeting someone. For example, in Norway shaking hands is a sign of respect in formal meetings.

3. What do you consider as a disrespectful greeting?

• Disrespectful greetings vary depending on cultural aspects. In some cultures, shaking hands in a formal setting might be seen as disrespectful.

1. What does the shaking of hands in formal settings reveal about Norwegian culture?

• Shaking hands in formal settings in Norway is a sign of respect.

2. Where do you think it is seen as disrespectful to shake hands among people you do not know? What does that reveal about the culture involved?

• It is seen as disrespectful to shake hands among people you do not know in some cultures. This might reveal that physical contact is reserved for more intimate relationships in those cultures.

1. Do you agree, is the first impression the most important?

• It depends on the context and the situation. In many cases, the first impression is important, but it is not always the most important factor.

2. Is it possible do you think to change an unfavourable first opinion to a more favourable one?

• Yes, it is possible to change an unfavourable first opinion to a more favourable one through further interactions and building a relationship.

1. Do you agree with the saying: “When in Rome, do like the Romans”?

• It depends on the situation. In intercultural meetings, it might be appropriate to adopt the greeting rituals in the host's culture as a sign of respect.

2. Why does context matter in intercultural meetings?

• Context matters in intercultural meetings because different cultures have different social codes and expectations for formal and informal situations, as well as for different roles such as guest and host.

1. What is intercultural competence?

• Intercultural competence is the ability to communicate successfully with people from different cultural backgrounds.

2. What are the main components of intercultural competence?

• The main components of intercultural competence include cultural awareness, cultural knowledge, cultural empathy, and cultural skills.